A groundbreaking approach to currency and community that may allow us to seize carbon from the atmosphere and offer a new tool in the fight against climate change. Through the ages, currencies have been based on all manner of objects from tobacco leaves to salt to gold to collateralized debt obligations. The only thing that this odd assortment of objects shares is the communal belief that these objects could harness and direct economic growth that they were, in a sense, fertile. In The First and Last Bank, Gustav Peebles and Ben Luzzato propose that atmospheric carbon could be seen anew as fertile in this same sense. In other words, carbon, rather than loom as waste in our skies, could instead be 'drawn down' to the earth by millions of currency users and the communally owned banks they rely on, where it could serve as a foundation of new biological life. Seeing currency as a powerful tool for collective action, the authors argue that dovetailing developments in digital currencies and