Despite the establishment of UN embargoes, the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), and the EU Common Position, arms export regulation suffers from significant legal and practical limitations. This book critically evaluates the existing body of 'Arms Trade Law', highlighting its inadequacies in preventing weapons from reaching perpetrators of mass violence. Drawing on interviews, participant observation, and empirical research to assess the perspectives of judges and lawyers, it also explores the International Criminal Court's narrow focus on prosecuting political and military leaders. Arguing that institutional attitudes and commitments contribute to a legal culture that obscures the potential for an arms trader case, the book illustrates these dynamics through a case study of the UN Security Council's response to the Second Congo War and the ICC's investigations in the DRC Situation, elucidating missed opportunities to enforce accountability against the entire spectrum of actors responsible for
