The seventh edition of this classic second language acquisition (SLA) text provides an overview of the theoretical foundations of language teaching. This new edition has been updated to capture current research and practice in the field. Among concepts that are either redefined or entirely new are: * Language learning in an era of globalization and multilingualism * The significance of transnationalism, identity, investment, agency, and ideology * Language learning as situated, usage-based, and socioculturally contextualized * The importance of emotional engagement, intercultural sensitivity, and self-efficacy in language learning * Transdisciplinary and ecological approaches as keys to language teaching in the 21st centuryThe seventh edition also retains useful historical information and foundational cornerstones of SLA that teachers have found beneficial in their instruction. Key principles continue to be presented and explained with direct application to classroom language